Macular degeneration alters the central area of your retina, and this process can lead to medical issues. Over time, it damages the macula, and this process causes progressive vision loss. Because the disease impacts your daily routines, you need to understand the underlying risk factors. Here is more information on how age and genetics influence the risk of macular degeneration:

Risks Rise After Age 60

The likelihood of developing this disease rises as you age. Doctors see more cases in older patients, and risk increases each decade. Because your eyes endure decades of light exposure, the tissues eventually weaken. Because aging cells do not repair themselves well, damage accumulates rapidly.

Your retina requires constant nourishment as blood vessels narrow over time or leak fluid into the eye. Your age is a primary driver of this vision disorder. You might notice subtle changes, but severe symptoms appear later in life. Since no cure exists, early detection gives you an ideal defense.

Eyes Degenerate Gradually

The macula breaks down in stages over several years. First, small yellow deposits form under the retina. These deposits grow larger over time, and they eventually disrupt your central vision. While the early stages lack obvious symptoms, doctors spot the signs using routine exams. You typically retain your peripheral sight, but you lose focus in the center.

Predispositions Affect Risks

If your family has a history of eye disease, you face higher risks. Genetics plays a heavy role. You inherit specific gene variants, and these mutations make you susceptible to damage. Watch for these specific genetic and inherited traits:

  • A direct family history of macular degeneration.
  • A personal history of high blood pressure.
  • A background of light-colored eyes or skin.

While genetics may increase the likelihood of developing macular degeneration, environmental factors like smoking or prolonged sun exposure can also contribute to the risk. You might already be at a disadvantage due to inherited traits, but adopting protective habits may help. Wearing UV-blocking sunglasses and eating a nutrient-rich diet can help mitigate potential damage. Genetics alone don’t determine your fate, as your lifestyle choices play a significant role.

Lifestyle Factors Play a Role

Choices in your daily life interact with your age and genetics. Smoking doubles your risk, and it accelerates the rate of vision loss. Because tobacco smoke constricts blood vessels, it starves your retina of oxygen.

Eating a poor diet also harms your eye health over time. Lacking the necessary nutrients for eye health, processed foods can contribute to cellular degradation. You need vitamins to protect your eyes, or the cells may degrade faster.

While you cannot stop the progression of eye issues as you age, you are able to control your daily habits. Protect your eyes from UV rays and sun exposure. Wearing sunglasses can help reduce strain, and doing so can limit the cumulative sun damage.

Get Treated for Macular Degeneration

Because early action protects your sight, you must act quickly. Regular eye exams catch problems early. Call an eye clinic today to schedule your screening, and a medical provider will evaluate your retina. Early detection and treatment can make a significant difference in preserving your vision.